Why Was Iqbal Called Our National Poet?

Muhammad Iqbal, known as the National Poet of Pakistan, is a towering figure in Urdu literature and the modern history of South Asia. His poetry and political philosophy have left an indelible mark on the cultural and intellectual landscape of the region, particularly in the context of the Pakistan Movement. This article explores the reasons why Iqbal is considered the National Poet and his contribution to the dream of a separate sovereign and independent homeland for the Muslims of the Sub-Continent.

Early Life and Education

Muhammad Iqbal, born on November 9, 1877, in Sialkot, Punjab, was not only a poet but also a legal scholar and philosopher. He received his early education in Punjab and went on to study law and philosophy at Trinity College, Cambridge, and later at the University of Berlin. His academic pursuits laid the foundation for a profound understanding of the philosophical and ethical dimensions of human life.

Role in the Pakistan Movement

The most significant reason for Iqbal's exalted status is his role in the Pakistan Movement. His poetry and writings played a crucial role in galvanizing the Muslim community and providing a philosophical and literary foundation for the idea of Pakistan. Iqbal's concept of a separate and sovereign homeland for Muslims in the Sub-Continent was not just a political dream but a spiritual and ideological awakening.

The Vision of Pakistan

Iqbal's first major contribution to the Pakistan Movement was his speech at the Muslim League session in Lahore in 1930. In this speech, titled 'The Lahore Resolution', he called for a separate and independent homeland for Muslims of the Sub-Continent. He envisioned an economic, political, and social order based on Islam and the principles of justice and human dignity. This vision was encapsulated in his famous lines:

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Haqgv-e-khud ko ura, jinhe hoga kyun nthain,

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Ktahun-e-zauq-e-dil mohabbat-e-sifarshain.

Tr.:

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To whom the truth shall reveal itself,

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Their heart's taste shall be the love of our Creed.

This poem, echoing the vision of a just and equitable society on the lines of Islamic teachings, resonated deeply with the Muslim community and became a touchstone for the emerging Pakistan movement.

Influence on Political Philosophy

Iqbal's political philosophy was rooted in his belief in the dignity of the individual and the pluralistic unity of human society. He advocated a synthesis of Western and Islamic thought, arguing that Islam had the potential to provide a modern interpretation of its principles in a rapidly changing world. His concept of the Muslim nation was not based on religiously exclusionary nationalism, but rather on a universal brotherhood rooted in shared moral and ethical principles.

Legacy and Recognition

The recognition and respect for Iqbal as the National Poet of Pakistan is not limited to his philosophical and political contributions. His poetry has a universal appeal that transcends religious and cultural boundaries. The Jail di Kawa (The song from prison) and are just two of the many works that inspired individuals and movements for justice, freedom, and equality.

Conclusion

The title of National Poet bestowed upon Muhammad Iqbal is a recognition of his profound impact on the cultural, political, and ideological landscape of Pakistan. His dream of a separate sovereign and independent homeland for the Muslims of the Sub-Continent, grounded in the principles of justice, unity, and dignity, continues to inspire generations. As the poet himself expressed in his immortal verse:

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Mserie khwab ki neelam ho, neelam ki neila,

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Intiraz-o-shaama, az??iv-khwabh-i-huda,

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For a dream is but a dream, a dream of hopes,

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It gives rise to hope, expectations, and visions true.

His dream of a new nation, built on the foundation of Islamic principles and the ideals of human dignity, continues to be a beacon of hope and inspiration for Pakistan and the world.