Why is AP English Literature so focused on poetry?

AP English Literature, often referred to as one of the most challenging high school courses, places a significant emphasis on poetry. This is not just an accident of curriculum design but a strategic choice with many benefits. In this article, we will explore why poetry holds a central position in literature studies and how it contributes to the broader educational goals of the AP program.

The Role of Poetry in Literature

Literature encompasses various forms, including prose, plays, and poetry. Among these, poetry is unique in its complexity and the subjective nature of interpretation. Paul Ross, an experienced educator, once noted, 'Poetry requires more care and awareness than the other forms because less is spoon-fed or given to the reader.' This means that when studying poetry, students are less likely to be exposed to it passively; they are encouraged to engage deeply and critically. Therefore, poetry needs a little help in understanding and enjoying it, especially for those who do not seek it out externally.

Efficiency in Curriculum Coverage

Another significant factor driving the focus on poetry is its relative ease of coverage in a single class period. It is possible to cover2-3 poems per class period, allowing for a deep dive into various historical movements such as Romanticism, Modernism, and Imagism. For instance, the Romantic period, with its emphasis on emotion, individualism, and nature, can be explored in just a few weeks. Conversely, studying novels, which can range from a few hundred pages to thousands of pages, would take substantially longer and limit the depth of exploration.

Moreover, poetry is a consistent literary form that has been present for over 3,000 years, dating back to ancient times, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh. On the other hand, novels have only been around since the late 16th century, with the publication of The First Novel by Miguel de Cervantes. This longevity makes poetry a window into the evolution of language and human thought, spanning millennia. By studying poetry, students not only gain a broader perspective but also understand the historical context and the evolution of literary techniques. This historical context is invaluable for appreciating the nuances of different literary periods.

Poetry as a Literary Form and Historical Movement

When studying poetry, students are exposed to a wide range of poetic techniques, including meter, rhythm, metaphor, and simile. Understanding these elements is crucial for appreciating the depth and complexity of poetry. For instance, the concept of Metaphor—where one thing is described as if it were another—can be powerful in poetry, as it invites the reader to draw connections and make interpretations. Additionally, the use of Meter and Rhythm can create a sense of flow and emotion, making the poem more engaging.

Moreover, poetry provides a unique perspective on historical movements such as Romanticism, Modernism, and Imagism. During the Romantic period, poets like Wordsworth and Shelley emphasized emotion and individualism, while Modernist poets like T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound challenged traditional forms and embraced more fragmented, complex structures. Imagist poets such as H.D. and E.E. Cummings focused on precise imagery and concise, direct language. By studying these poets and their works, students can gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and social influences that shaped these movements.

Conclusion

While some might argue that novels provide a more comprehensive and engaging narrative, the focus on poetry in AP English Literature offers a more efficient and profound educational experience. Poetry not only covers a broad historical movement in a shorter time but also provides a unique perspective on language and culture. By embracing the complexity and depth of poetry, students enhance their critical thinking skills, appreciation for literature, and understanding of historical context. Whether you are a high school student or a graduate student, the focus on poetry in AP English Literature is a strategic choice that enriches the entire educational journey.