Why Should Native American Literature Be Central to the Western Canon?

The context of the term 'Western' in literature refers to works originating from a tradition deeply rooted in European history and culture. However, this classification often excludes the rich and diverse narratives of Native American literature, leading to a biased representation of cultural traditions within the canon. This article explores the reasons why Native American literature deserves a prominent place in the Western literary canon, challenging the traditional biases and expanding our understanding of literary heritage.

Understanding the Term 'Western' in Literature

The term 'Western' in the context of literature is a misnomer in terms of geographical location. It refers to a specific literary tradition that has developed over centuries in Europe and is often associated with a particular set of values, styles, and traditions that define the Western canon. This canon primarily includes works from European authors such as English, French, and Spanish, rarely delving into German, Italian, or other European traditions.

It is crucial to recognize that this classification is not about geographical proximity but rather about cultural roots. When we speak of 'Western' literature, we are actually referring to a tradition that has European roots. Even though the Americas are west of Europe from a geographical standpoint, Native American literature is not considered 'Western' because it does not have those roots.

The Need for Cultural Inclusion in the Western Canon

The exclusion of Native American literature from the Western canon creates a significant gap in the understanding of global literary and cultural heritage. Native American authors before European contact had developed their own unique traditions and styles, completely separate from the European literary root.

For instance, the works of pre-contact Native American authors, such as those from the Cherokee, may not have been influenced by the European tradition. After contact, Native American authors began to incorporate European influences, and today, they produce works that can be considered within the broader Western tradition. Therefore, it is essential to recognize that Native American literature should not be excluded purely on the basis of when it was written, but on its cultural significance and its role in shaping the literary landscape.

Challenges and Opportunities for Inclusion

The inclusion of Native American literature in the Western canon presents both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, it requires a significant shift in how we view and evaluate literary works. We must reassess the criteria used to define the Western canon and ensure that it is inclusive of diverse cultural perspectives.

Making this change involves celebrating the unique voices and narratives of Native American authors, such as modern works by Indigenous writers like Sherman Alexie and Louise Erdrich. These authors have significantly contributed to the global literary conversation and have a rightful place alongside their European counterparts in the canon.

Conclusion

The Western canon is a rich tapestry of literary traditions, and it is essential to include Native American literature to fully appreciate the diversity of human experiences and cultural expressions. By reorienting our understanding of what constitutes 'Western' literature, we can ensure that the canon truly reflects the global narrative. Native American literature, with its unique stories and profound insights, deserves a central place in the Western canon, enriching our understanding of literary history and cultural heritage.