Why Saruman Did Not Kill Gandalf: A Deeper Dive into Middle-earth

Understanding the Complex Relationship Between Saruman and Gandalf

In J.R.R. Tolkien's epic saga, Middle-earth, Saruman and Gandalf are key characters who have a complicated relationship. Saruman's hesitation to kill Gandalf is rooted in a combination of strategic considerations, underestimate of his opponent, and narrative purposes. Let's explore these aspects in detail:

Initial Alliance

Saruman and Gandalf were originally part of the Istari, an order of wizards sent to Middle-earth to assist in the fight against Sauron. Their initial alliance was based on a shared purpose. However, conflicts arose due to differing goals and ideological differences. This complex relationship prevented Saruman from outright killing him, as it would be a betrayal of their mission.

Underestimation of Gandalf

Saruman underestimated Gandalf's strength and resolve. Instead of viewing him as a serious threat, Saruman believed he could manipulate or control him rather than eliminate him. This belief was fueled by Saruman's arrogance, leading him to think that he could influence Gandalf.

Strategic Considerations

Killing Gandalf could have caused unwanted attention from the other free peoples of Middle-earth. These groups, such as the Rohirrim and Elves, had a shared goal against Sauron. Eliminating Gandalf could have jeopardized his own power ambitions and led to direct confrontation with these allies.

Saruman recognized the potential risks. Arresting Gandalf instead of killing him offered him a chance to use him as a pawn in his plans. If he could control Gandalf, he could further his own agenda without drawing immediate conflict.

Gandalf's Resistance

Gandalf, with his wisdom and power, posed a formidable opponent. Saruman might have realized that attempting to kill him could have resulted in failure. Gandalf's skills and knowledge made him a difficult target, and engaging in a physical confrontation could have backfired.

Narrative Purpose

From a narrative perspective, Gandalf's survival was crucial for the plot's development. His character played a pivotal role in rallying the free peoples of Middle-earth against Sauron. Gandalf's interactions with other key figures, such as Aragorn and Legolas, were central to the themes of hope, friendship, and the struggle against evil.

Consequences of Saruman's Actions

Even after Saruman's contemplation, he chose to imprison Gandalf. This decision underscores Saruman's misguided ambition. The consequences of this action were severe. Gandalf escaped and, as a result, Eonwe (an angel of Manwe) would not have tolerated Saruman's actions. If Eonwe had stormed Orthanc, it would have led to a catastrophic outcome for Saruman.

The Impact of Sauron's Presence

Sauron's looming presence in Middle-earth played a significant role. When the Nazgul demanded the Ring from Saruman, he realized the danger he was in. To avoid immediate conflict, he deceived the Nazgul by sending them to the Shire, telling them that the Ring was there. However, when Gandalf escaped, it became clear that Saruman's past actions had put him in grave peril.

Despite Saruman's attempts to manipulate and control the situation, the dynamic between Gandalf and Saruman remained fraught with tension. Their ongoing conflict and Saruman's reluctance to eliminate Gandalf highlight the complex political and magical landscape of Middle-earth.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Saruman's decision not to kill Gandalf was influenced by a combination of strategic considerations, representing his own ambition, and the broader narrative needs of Tolkien's epic tale. Understanding these factors provides deeper insights into the complex interactions between these key figures in Middle-earth.