What Defines the Greatest American Novel?

The question of what constitutes the greatest American novel is one that has generated much discussion and debate over the years. Different readers and literary critics have varying opinions, often fueled by personal tastes and cultural perspectives. This essay explores the characters and qualities that make some of the most celebrated novels in American literature stand out.

Moby-Dick: The Whale

Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is often hailed as a classic of American literature. First published in 1851, it tells the story of the crew of the whaling ship Pequod and their obsessive pursuit of the great white whale, Moby Dick. While it was initially a commercial failure, Moby-Dick is now celebrated for its complex narrative structure, rich symbolism, and philosophical depth. The novel's exploration of themes such as the human condition, fate, and morality has earned it a place among the literary canon.

The Controversial Huckleberry Finn

Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is another contender for the title of the greatest American novel. Often considered a literary masterpiece, Huckleberry Finn confronts issues of racism and slavery, which were prevalent in 19th-century America. However, the novel's use of the N-word and its portrayal of controversial historical events have led to debates about its appropriateness in contemporary society. Despite these controversies, Huckleberry Finn is widely regarded as a seminal work that reflects the complexities of America's early history.

The Great Gatsby: A Modern Classic

F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby has also earned a place among the greatest American novels. Published in 1925, the novel explores the decadence and disillusionment of the Jazz Age. Through the story of Jay Gatsby and his obsession with his lost love, Daisy Buchanan, the novel critiques the moral decay and materialism of the era. Despite its critical acclaim, The Great Gatsby has faced challenges in some school curricula due to its themes and language. Ironically, this very controversy has contributed to its enduring popularity as a literary work.

These three novels, Moby-Dick, Huckleberry Finn, and The Great Gatsby, are often mentioned in discussions about the greatest American novels. However, the answer to this question can vary based on personal preferences and scholarly debates. Some readers and critics believe that Huckleberry Finn holds the top spot, while others might argue for the merits of Moby-Dick or The Great Gatsby.

It is worth noting that the ranks of great American novels are vast and diverse. Other esteemed authors and their works, such as John Updike, John Cheever, Ken Kesey, and Toni Morrison, also contribute to the rich tapestry of American literature. Their contributions, along with the aforementioned classics, highlight the breadth and depth of American literary heritage.

The question of which novel is the greatest can be a matter of personal taste, but it is universally accepted that these works have left a lasting impact on American literature and culture. Whether one defines the greatest novel as one that challenges, entertains, or enlightens, these books undoubtedly meet the criteria.