The Truth About Cherry Lumber: Understanding Its Origin and Distinguishing Between Species

When exploring the world of wood, one might come across various types of cherry wood, each with its unique characteristics and origins. This article delves into the differences between cherry wood used in crafting, such as cabinetmaking, and the fruit-bearing cherry trees that produce the cherries we commonly know and love. Understanding the distinctions between these two types of cherry is crucial for any woodworker, enthusiast, or consumer seeking the right material for their projects.

Understanding Cherry Wood Sources

The Most Common Source of Cherry Wood

Most of the cherry wood purchased is derived from wild cherry trees, known scientifically as Prunus serotina. These trees are significantly larger and more robust than the fruit-bearing varieties, making them ideal for crafting furniture and other intricate woodwork. The Wood Database provides detailed information on various types of cherry wood, including Prunus serotina, emphasizing its prominence in the industry.

Wild cherry trees, or Prunus serotina, are native to the hardwood forest region of Eastern US and are the dominant source for timber. They produce small, albeit valuable, fruit that is appreciated by wildlife, but not the cherries commonly enjoyed by humans. This fruit, while small, is sometimes used to make jam and jelly, adding another layer of interest to these trees.

Black Cherry vs. Fruit-bearing Cherry

Black Cherry vs. Domesticated Cherry Trees

Prunus serotina, commonly referred to as the American Black Cherry, is the primary source of cherry lumber. It is a large tree and is not the same species as the domesticated fruit-bearing cherry trees, which include Prunus avium and Prunus cerasus. These fruit-bearing cherry trees, often seen in orchards, are distinct from the timber cherry trees and are not used for crafting.

The term 'cherry wood' typically refers to the wood from Prunus serotina, known for its beautiful grain patterns and rich, reddish-brown color. This wood is highly prized for its durability and aesthetic appeal. Other types of cherry wood, though less common, may also be available, but they are less frequently used in high-end woodworking and cabinetry.

The Physical Characteristics of Black Cherry

The Edibility of Black Cherry Fruit

It's worth noting that the fruit produced by black cherry trees is indeed small, often overlooked in the grand scheme of cherry wood production. While they are valuable to wildlife, these fruits are not the cherries we commonly associate with desserts and confections. The cherries we enjoy are those from Prunus avium and Prunus cerasus, distinct species of cherry trees.

The Morton Arboretum offers detailed information on the American Black Cherry, highlighting its role in both ecology and craftsmanship. It's clear that although the fruit is edible, it is not the type of cherry used for culinary purposes.

A quick look at a PDF from the USDA, _prse2.pdf, further confirms the distinctions between these species. The document provides valuable information on the tree's characteristics, from flowering to fruiting, and is a great resource for woodworkers and enthusiasts.

Conclusion and Further Reading

Understanding the source of cherry wood is essential for anyone seeking to work with this beautiful and durable material. While wild cherry trees, or Prunus serotina, provide the bulk of the timber used in woodworking, it is crucial to distinguish them from the fruit-bearing cherry trees, which are entirely different species.

For more detailed information on these trees and their characteristics, you may want to explore further resources. The USDA, Morton Arboretum, and The Wood Database are all excellent starting points for in-depth research and learning.