The Role of Dreams in Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte d’Arthur

In Sir Thomas Malory’s extensive medieval work, Morte d'Arthur, dreams play a significant and often prophetic role. These dreams are not mere fantasies or random thoughts but are meaningful messages conveying essential information and guiding characters towards critical decisions and actions. The purpose of this article is to explore the importance and function of dreams within the narrative, their impact on character development, and why Malory chose to incorporate dream sequences in his work.

When and Where Do the Dreams Occur?

Throughout the text, dreams occur in various contexts, affecting different characters. From Arthur to Guinevere, dreams serve as a bridge between the conscious and the supernatural, often occurring during moments of high tension or emotional climax. For instance, the dream of Sir Gareth, where he encounters the maiden and the enchanting challenge, foreshadows his future achievements and sets the stage for his further adventures. Similarly, the dream of Mellyagraunt, where he is tempted and ultimately loses his faith (and his life), illustrates the moral and spiritual challenges faced by knights of the Round Table.

Who Do the Dreams Target?

The targets of these dreams are diverse, ranging from established characters to minor figures. The dreams often target knights and royalty, highlighting their moral and ethical dilemmas. For example, Guinevere’s dream reflects her inner turmoil and the moral quandaries she faces as the queen. Her dream of the two knights fighting for her hand symbolizes the deeper struggle between chivalry and loyalty, drawing the reader into the complex dynamics of medieval courtly culture.

The Messages in the Dreams

The messages in the dreams are rich with symbolism and portend significant events. They often serve as a realm in which the dreamer confronts their fears, desires, and moral struggles. The dream of Sir Lancelot, where he encounters the treacherous knight, serves as a wake-up call to his flaws, leading him to reflect deeply on his actions. Lancelot’s dream sequence highlights the theme of redemption and the struggle between personal vices and moral rectitude. The dream of Sir Gareth, on the other hand, shows the divine intervention guiding a knight towards his destiny, infusing the narrative with a sense of higher intent and purpose.

Why Act on the Dreams?

Characters in Morte d'Arthur often act on the visions and insights provided by their dreams. These visions often serve as a catalyst for change, whether positive or negative. For instance, Sir Gareth’s dream leads him to succeed in his quest, demonstrating the power of divine guidance. Similarly, Sir Lancelot’s dream prompts him to acknowledge his sins and seek absolution, leading to a turning point in his character’s development. The dream of King Arthur, where he is visited by the spirits of the Round Table, underscores the ongoing battle and the need to uphold the values of honour and chivalry.

Why Use Dreams in This Story?

Malory uses dreams as a narrative device to explore deeper themes and character dynamics. The inclusion of dream sequences enriches the story by adding layers of symbolism and prophecy. Dreams provide a window into the characters' inner worlds, offering insights into their motivations and the moral conflicts they face. They also serve to drive the plot forward, serving as crucial narrative events that shape the outcomes of the story. The dreams in Morte d'Arthur are not random; they are meticulously woven into the fabric of the narrative, reflecting the complex and often contradictory values of the medieval society in which the story is set.

Alignment with the Type of Story

Malory’s decision to incorporate dreams within Morte d'Arthur aligns with the nature of the Arthurian legend. These stories are infused with a sense of the supernatural and the divine, which dreams serve to enhance. The dreams reinforce the themes of destiny, morality, and the inescapable influence of fate. They also underscore the blend of realism and romance that characterizes the Arthurian tales, providing a mystical and historical backdrop against which the characters’ actions and decisions unfold.

In conclusion, the dreams in Morte d'Arthur are more than mere story elements; they are essential components that enhance the narrative, deepen character development, and enrich the exploration of themes such as morality, destiny, and the human condition. By employing this narrative technique, Malory creates a rich and nuanced work that resonates with readers even centuries after its creation.