The Heroic Journey of Mahabharata: Why Arjuna, Not Bhima?

In the epic tale of Mahabharata, the question of who is the true hero flares up among scholars and readers alike. Some argue that Bheema (known as Bhima in English) is the central figure due to his spectacular valor, while others rally for Arjuna's standing as theprincipal hero. This discourse delves into the nuanced qualities of the characters, focusing primarily on why Arjuna is more aptly regarded as the hero of Mahabharata.

Arjuna: The Hero of Mahabharata

“A hero is someone who inspires, wherein Bheema is just a symbol of strength,” asserts our stance in favor of Arjuna as the main hero.

Arjuna, unlike Bheema, consistently embodied qualities that make a true hero. Most notably, he displayed empathy and courage even towards his enemies, something exemplified in the Bhagavat Gita.

His actions and decisions were pivotal in shaping the narrative of the epic. Notably, Arjuna was the one who compelled Yudhishthira to take up the challenge of the bird's head test, which would prove Yudhishthira's skill in archery. Critical moments of the epic heavily hinged on Arjuna's choices and actions, indicating his central role.

Bheema's Demerits

While Bheema possessed exceptional physical strength, his character had significant flaws that detracted from his heroic status.

As a child, Bheema proved to be quite temperamental and cruel to his cousins of the Kaurava clan. The Mahabharata recounts several instances where Bheema, driven by playful aggression, used violence and humiliation against them.

"He kicked them with his feet, broke their thighs, heads, and shoulders, and even held them underwater until they were near drowning." - Adi Parva (Chapter 119)

Bheema’s lack of restraint and his insults towards Karna, rather than displaying the chivalry befitting a hero, showed his disrespect for social hierarchy and his inability to maintain moral integrity.

"O son of a charioteer! You don't have the right to be killed by Partha in battle. You had better take up a whip more befitting of your lineage. O worst of men! You have no right to enjoy the kingdom of Anga just as a dog has no right to eat the cake that is offered at a sacrificial fire." - Adi Parva (Chapter 127)

Bheema's harsh and insulting words towards Karna and his general behavior speak volumes about his character’s immaturity and lack of empathy, qualities that a true hero should possess.

Yudhisthira's Perspective

Apart from scholarly analysis, the epic provides us with a direct insight into this question from an unlikely source, King Yudhisthira himself. When challenged with the question of skill among laudable things, Yudhisthira emphatically states that skill is the best. From a warrior perspective, Arjuna embodies the pinnacle of skill, courage, and noble achievements. Conversely, Bheema is solely noted for his strength, which, while impressive, lacks the depth and moral fortitude required for a true hero.

Arjuna's Holistic Heroism

Arjuna is celebrated not just for his exceptional archery and combat skills but also for his emotional and moral standpoints. His unity with Yudhishthira and the other Pandavas, particularly his brothers, demonstrates camaraderie and mutual respect. Arjuna's embodiment of the ideal of dharm (duty and righteousness) is evident in his decision-making and moral dilemmas, such as those presented in the Bhagavat Gita.

Final Thoughts on the Pandavas

Evaluating Bheema in isolation may seem compelling, but the synergy of the Pandavas’ skills paints a more complete picture. Yudhishthira’s noble virtues, Arjuna’s martial prowess, Nakula and Sahdev’s humility, and Bheema’s strength, together form the quintessential heroes of the Mahabharata. Each of them, including Draupadi, played a crucial role in the saga, with Arjuna emerging as the guiding light and most inspirational character.

Comparatively, Bheema alone cannot be deemed the sole hero because his flaws and actions do not align with the ideals of a true hero. While Arjuna may have his shortcomings, his overall heroic journey and the qualities he exemplifies make him the perfect hero of the grand epic.