The Eternal Sansatana Dharma: Understanding the Roots of Hinduism and Sanatana Dharma

Frequently mistaken or misunderstood, the terms 'Sanatana Dharma' and Hinduism carry deep and rich meanings in the context of a universal understanding of the cosmos and the spiritual journey of human beings.

What is Sanatana Dharma?

The term "Sanatana Dharma" signifies eternal wisdom and truth that transcends time, a concept engraved in the Vedas, the oldest and most sacred scriptures of Hinduism. It denoted the cosmic law or dharma that governs the universe, which is eternal and unchanging. Etymologically, "Sanatana" means 'everlasting' or 'eternal,' and "Dharma" is the guiding force or moral law of the universe.

The Law of Rta

Central to the understanding of Sanatana Dharma is the concept of Rta, which represents the order, harmony, and cosmic laws that govern the universe. Contrary to the context of "Anrta," which is the opposite of Rta, representing chaos and disorder. This cosmic order is seen as an intrinsic part of creation and is maintained by the gods, most notably Varuna, the Vedic god of water, justice, and law. Varuna is depicted as omnipresent and regulatory, overseeing and enforcing Rta, the fundamental order of the universe.

Rta and the Gods

Just as all electrons determine the chemical composition and physical properties of substances, in the Vedic context, Rta is equated with the cosmic forces that govern the universe. Thus, all Vedic deities, such as Varuna, Mitra, and the Asvins, embody different aspects of these universal forces, with their individual characteristics being the embodiment of Rta, leading to their specific attributes or dharmas.

Sanatana Dharma in Hinduism

While Sanatana Dharma has its roots in the Vedas, the more popular understanding of Hinduism draws from the Upanishads, which provide philosophical doctrines and metaphysical understandings, delving into the nature of the self and reality. The idea of cosmic order is also central to the Upanishadic tradition.

Core Philosophies from Upanishads

The Upanishads, the concluding parts of the Vedas, explore profound ideas concerning the universe and the self. A prime example is the concept of 'Om,' a sacred sound in Hinduism, symbolizing the overarching unity of all things.

One of the famous omens from the Upanishads is encapsulated in the invocation of peace – Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantihi. This invocation symbolizes the desire for peace and well-being in the universe and is repeated as a prayer for harmony and tranquility. This passage encapsulates the idea of universal well-being and the desire for all living beings to share in peace and prosperity.

The Meaning of Dharma in Hinduism

Sanatana Dharma in the context of Hinduism emphasizes ethical conduct, dharma, which means living a life in accordance with the cosmic order to promote well-being and harmony. Any action that brings peace, prosperity, joy, wellbeing, and harmony to all living beings is considered dharmic, whereas actions that cause disharmony and suffering are termed adharmic.

The Universal Game of Rta and Dharma

The law of Rta is not only about cosmic order but also guides our individual lives. Just as electrons obey the laws of physics, the gods of the Vedic pantheon, like Varuna, Mitra, and the Asvins, embody specific aspects of Rta, maintaining order and harmony in their areas of influence. For example, Varuna, the god of water, ensures the water cycle, a fundamental aspect of existence, while Mitra, the god of friendship, promotes alliances and social bonds.

The Role of Vrata and Sankalpa

To actively participate in the cosmic order, individuals perform vrata, pious resolves or oaths, and sankalpa, spiritual intentions, guiding their actions in accordance with dharma. These spiritual practices serve as a reminder to live in harmony with the universal order and ensure that our actions benefit not only ourselves but all living beings.

Sanatana Dharma, through this lens, is not just a set of rituals but a profound understanding of the universe and our place within it. It encompasses the essence of living in harmony with the natural and universal order, promoting peace, prosperity, and well-being.

Conclusion

Understanding the concept of Sanatana Dharma, both in its Vedic and Upanishadic forms, provides insight into the enduring wisdom of Hinduism. From the cosmic laws of Rta to the philosophical yearning for peace, Sanatana Dharma serves as a timeless guide for harmonious living and the pursuit of universal well-being.

The eternality of Sanatana Dharma and its relevance in today's world emphasize its profound universal applicability, making it a valuable source of wisdom for every era.

Keywords: Sanatana Dharma, Hinduism, Eternal Universal Law