Characterization

The character of Gollum, Smeagol, in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings is depicted in the books with a rich and detailed backstory which contrasts with the more limited portrayal in the movies. Tolkien provides a more extensive background for Gollum, tracing his transformation from a hobbit-like creature named Smeagol into the treacherous and malevolent Gollum, owing to the corrupting influence of the One Ring. This background is prominently featured, highlighting his inner struggle between the Smeagol and Gollum personalities.

In comparison, the movie adaptation focuses more on Gollum's immediate actions and relationships, particularly his interactions with characters like Frodo and Sam. While the internal conflict is present, it is not as deeply explored as in the books, though the film utilizes advanced CGI techniques to create a distinctive visual representation and enhance his menacing traits.

Personality

The books present Gollum as a more pitiable and tragic figure. His dual nature is complex, with Smeagol showing moments of kindness and vulnerability, while Gollum is more sinister and malevolent. Tolkien delves into the nuances of Gollum's character, exploring his psychological depths and inner conflicts, which add layers of depth to his personality.

In contrast, the movie emphasizes Gollum's darker, more menacing traits. His character often serves as comic relief, particularly in interactions with Sam, which can sometimes diminish the tragic elements of his story. While the film reveals Gollum's malevolent side, it may not fully capture the emotional complexity and depth of his personality as seen in the books.

Physical Appearance

Gollum's physical appearance is vividly described in the books, as a small, slimy creature with large, glowing eyes and a disheveled appearance, though the details are somewhat vague. In the movies, advanced CGI techniques are used to create a more grotesque and expressive representation of Gollum. His design notably emphasizes his emaciated form and large, expressive eyes, capturing the essence of his disturbing character in a visually compelling way.

Role in the Story

Narrative Focus

Within the narrative, the books afford Gollum significant moments that delve into his past and motivations, providing a deeper understanding of his character. For instance, the narrative focuses on scenes that explore his history and the internal conflict that drives his actions. In contrast, the movies streamline some of his story arcs, omitting or altering certain scenes, such as his encounter with the Black Gate. This results in a less detailed portrayal of his character development, focusing more on immediate dramatic impact and visual storytelling.

Interactions with Other Characters

The books feature more nuanced interactions, particularly with Frodo, where Frodo shows a degree of empathy towards Gollum, exploring the tragic aspects of his character in greater detail. The movies, while highlighting the dynamic between Gollum and the other characters, often lean more towards action and tension rather than the emotional complexity seen in the books. Gollum's interactions, especially with Sam, are often simplified for dramatic effect, reducing the amount of emotional depth and complexity seen in the original text.

Conclusion

Overall, while both the books and the movies share core traits and plot points, the books offer a richer and more complex portrayal of Gollum's character. The movies, on the other hand, focus more on visual storytelling and immediate dramatic impact, presenting Gollum as both a tragic figure and a source of tension. However, the films often prioritize entertainment over the deeper psychological exploration found in Tolkien's writing, resulting in a more simplify but visually engaging version of the character.