Why Did Unmarried Kunti Not Abort Karna?

From the ancient epics of Mahabharata, we delve into the story of Kunti’s decision to not abort her son, Karna, despite the circumstances. This tale offers insights into the cultural, religious, and ethical norms of ancient India and the complexities faced by an unmarried mother seeking to fulfill her destiny.

Context: The Mantra and Its Consequences

A significant part of the narrative involves Kunti misusing a powerful mantra granted to her by a Brahmin. This mantra, when invoked, would make her a mother to a son through the union with Surya. Kunti’s initial reaction was contrary, as she misunderstood the implications. Her fear of social disgrace and subsequent attempts to avoid the consequences highlight the societal norms and pressures faced by women in a patriarchal society.

The Argument and Threats

Surya, asserting his position, eloquently convinces Kunti to comply with the union. He argues that if she were to reject him, she would be the object of ridicule: “Since O timid maiden thou hast invoked me with mantras, it is not proper for me to go away without any purpose being attained for if I do so I shall then, O thou of faultless limbs, be the object of laughter in the world and, O beauteous damsel, a bye-word with all the celestials. Do thou therefore yield to me! By that thou shalt obtain a son even like myself and thou shalt also be much praised in all the world.”

Surya’s severe threat included a curse on her father and the Brahmin, compelling Kunti to yield to his will. The consequences of his absence, including the risks of social and spiritual condemnation, made him the subject of profound fear.

The Decision and Its Consequences

Despite her fears, Kunti was left with no choice but to fulfill the consequences of the mantra’s invocation. Kunti, recognizing the severity of the situation, did not consider abortion as a viable option due to the potential repercussions. She decided to bear the son and ensure his protection and well-being.

Guarantee and Praise

After bearing the son, Kunti was relieved to learn from Surya that she would remain a virgin, and her son would be mighty-armed and illustrious. Kunti’s concerns were assuaged with words of assurance: “Thou shalt remain a virgin after having gratified me. And thy son shall also be mighty-armed and illustrious.”

Braving the social and spiritual challenges, Kunti ensured the birth of Karna and his protection, ensuring he would be raised by his foster parents, the Adhiratha and Santanu’s wife. The union between Kunti and Surya led to the birth of Karna, who was gifted with armor and earrings from the gods, signifying his noble lineage.

Hidden Birth and Secrecy

The birth of Karna was a closely kept secret. Kunti managed to hide her pregnancy and gave birth to Karna in a private mansion, ensuring the secrecy of the birth. No one, except her nurse, was aware of the true identity of the newborn.

The text emphasizes Kunti’s wisdom and determination: “And as the damsel lived entirely in the apartments assigned to the maidens and carefully concealed her condition no one except her nurse knew the truth. And in due time that beauteous maiden by the grace of deity brought forth a son resembling a very god. And even like his father the child was equipped in a coat of mail and decked with brilliant ear-rings.”

Unmarried Motherhood and Ethical Considerations

The story of Kunti, Karna, and Surya explores the ethics of unmarried motherhood and the societal constructs of ancient India. Kunti’s decision reflects the complex interplay of religious, moral, and social pressures faced by women in such times.

Through her journey, Kunti emerges as a resilient and determined figure, navigating the challenges of motherhood and societal expectations with fortitude and wisdom.

Keywords: Kunti, Karna, Surya, Unmarried Motherhood