Historical Figures Beyond Deification: A Reevaluation

The figure of Abraham Lincoln is often deified for his leadership during the American Civil War and his guiding principles. However, a closer examination reveals that even revered historical figures have complex and sometimes questionable aspects of their behavior. This article explores the need for a more nuanced evaluation of such figures.

A Critical Look at Abraham Lincoln

While Abraham Lincoln is celebrated for his emancipation of slaves and his preservation of the Union, it is essential to scrutinize his actions and policies more comprehensively. For instance, Lincoln did not approve of 'total war' on civilians in the South, a statement that may be misleading. The Confederacy, in its propagandistic literature, presented a narrative that glorified total war, which was far from accurate.

Contextualizing Historical Actions

It is crucial to understand that throughout history, all armies have engaged in unethical practices, including living off the land, which could mean killing animals, stealing crops, burning houses, and harming civilians. History books often overlook or downplay the actions of loyalists in conflicts. For example, the American Revolution's Loyalists and the Mexican women raped by American forces during the Mexican-American War are seldom mentioned. These realities provide a more complete picture of historical events rather than glorifying one side.

Lincoln's Magnanimity and Limitations

Lincoln was indeed more magnanimous in his treatment of the South post-war compared to many wartime leaders. However, it is important to recognize that he did not envision racial equality in the ideological sense. The suspension of habeas corpus during the Civil War was another controversial decision. To criticize Lincoln, we must consider the context and standards of his time. Many historical figures had their flaws, and judging them by today's standards is often unfair.

Iterating Beyond Deification: A Broader Lens

It is suggested that we evaluate historical figures not only by their attitudes but by their actions and the impact of their decisions. Limiting our focus to just the positive aspects can lead to an incomplete understanding of history.

Examples of Questionable Actions

Moving away from Lincoln, other historical figures exhibit questionable actions that warrant a second look:

Moses and Muhammad

Moses and Muhammad are often revered for their teachings, but both approved of mass murder. Moses ordered the slaughter of Midianite men in Numbers 31, and Muhammad instigated the execution of several individuals under certain circumstances. Such actions, while justifiable in certain cultural and historical contexts, do not reflect modern moral standards.

Alexander the Great and Attila the Hun

Alexander the Great, revered for his military conquests, was as violent as Attila the Hun. For instance, he murdered his best friend in a drunken rage, highlighting the moral ambiguity of even celebrated conquerors.

Queen Elizabeth I

Queen Elizabeth I is often portrayed as a benevolent ruler. However, she was responsible for the execution of many Catholics, just as 'Bloody Mary' (Queen Mary I) was known for her persecution of Protestants. The moniker 'Bloody Mary' was bestowed upon her because of her religious policies, while Elizabeth is often praised for her political savvy and enlightened leadership. This dichotomy underscores the need to recognize that even prominent figures have complex, sometimes contradictory, legacies.

General Patton

General George S. Patton is another example. He was known to fly his niece around Europe for sexual encounters. After the Second World War, when the relationship ended, he refused to take responsibility and the incident led to the suicide of his niece. This behavior has been largely omitted from popular depictions of Patton, such as the film 'Patton'.

As we conclude, it is vital to approach historical figures with a critical, balanced perspective. By evaluating their actions and attitudes with the proper context, we can gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of history and the humanity of those who shaped it.