Introduction

In the realm of mythology, Greek heroes stand as iconic figures, embodying virtues and vices that resonate with us even today. These heroes, such as Achilles and Heracles, are often seen as precursors to our modern understanding of heroism. However, the modern hero, represented by characters like Frodo Baggins, appears to have a more altruistic and self-sacrificing demeanor. This essay delves into the differences between Greek heroes and modern heroes, exploring their motivations, behaviors, and impacts.

Greek Heroes: Selfish Glory Seekers

The traditional Greek hero, exemplified by characters like Heracles and Achilles, is often portrayed as driven by selfish motivations. Heracles, known for his prowess in defeating monsters and sacking Troy, was less about moral righteousness and more about earning glory and fame. His actions in the Trojan War, such as his desire to kill an ally to take glory for himself, highlight a self-centered approach to heroism.

Achilles, however, offers a glimpse into a different kind of heroism. Initially, Achilles' focus is on personal glory, as evidenced by his reluctance to rejoin the war after being slighted by Agamemnon. His transformation from a arrogant, selfish figure to a more modern hero who is willing to swallow his pride for the greater good is a central theme in the Epic of Troy.

Modern Heroes: Self-Sacrificial and Altruistic

In contrast, modern heroes are often defined by their self-sacrifice and altruism. Characters like Frodo Baggins in The Lord of the Rings exemplify this shift. Frodo, faced with the daunting task of destroying the One Ring, puts the needs of the wider community above his own safety and well-being. His journey is one of moral growth and self-sacrifice.

The Debate: Ancient vs. Modern Heroes

The debate over the nature of heroes has been ongoing, and many scholars propose that heroes like Achilles in the Iliad can be seen as evolving from classic self-centered models to more nuanced, selfless figures. The conversion of Achilles is a critical point in the poem, showing how even the most prideful and self-involved hero can learn to prioritize the greater good over personal gain.

For instance, the funereal games for Patroclus highlight Achilles' growth. In these games, he demonstrates a deep understanding of politics and the importance of unity within the Greek alliance. His acceptance of his own weaknesses and his willingness to concede defeat in favor of the greater purpose reflect a shift towards a modern concept of heroism.

Conclusion

The heroes of antiquity, like Achilles and Heracles, were driven by personal glory and ambition. They exemplified the self-centered hero of ancient times. In contrast, modern heroes, such as Frodo Baggins, embody a more self-sacrificial and altruistic ideal. The transformation of heroes from self-centered to selfless highlights the evolution of societal values and our changing understanding of what it means to be a hero.

The Iliad offers a rich narrative for such exploration, showing how characters like Achilles can evolve to embody the modern hero archetype. This journey towards greater heroism, as seen in the Iliad and other works of classical literature, reflects the enduring relevance of these stories in shaping our modern understanding of heroism.