Introduction

E. E. Hemingway, a master of modernist literature, often explored complex themes such as humanity, loss, and the contradictions of masculinity in his works. 'The Sun Also Rises,' a novel that delves into themes of lost innocence and disillusionment, particularly touches on the sexual dynamics between his characters. While Hemingway's portrayal of Jake Barnes and Brett Ashley has been a subject of literary analysis, it also invites a parallel with more contemporary narratives and societal shifts in understanding sexuality. This exploration aims to bridge the gap between Hemingway's literary representation and the current landscape of human sexuality.

Sexual Dynamics in Hemingway's 'The Sun Also Rises'

In 'The Sun Also Rises,' E. E. Hemingway masterfully crafts a narrative around sexual dynamics that extend beyond the physical act. When Jake Barnes and Brett Ashley return to bed after the events of Chapter 7, their actions parallel and complement scenes from the 1983 film 'The Big Chill.' These similarities highlight a deeper thematic continuity in how sexual relations are portrayed, particularly through the lens of repressed emotional experiences and psychological wounds.

Following the poignant conversation between Jake and Brett, where Jake expresses, "I don't do anything," this statement serves as a poignant metaphor for his condition as a "wounded man." Similarly, in 'The Big Chill,' characters Nick and Chloe also navigate their nighttime interactions with reduced expectations, which leads to a more intimate and meaningful connection. This parallel underscores the theme of wounds and their impact on human relationships, which is a recurring motif in Hemingway's works.

The 'Wounded Man' Theme in Hemingway’s Fiction

Hemingway's portrayal of wounded characters is not just a superficial narrative choice but a deep exploration of the psychological and emotional scars of war. His own experiences as a wounded soldier during World War I and later his struggles with high blood pressure and its side effects, contributed to a profound understanding of the physical and mental anguish that these conditions bring.

In 'The Sun Also Rises,' Jake Barnes' impotence is presented as a result of his war wounds, symbolized as shrapnel to the groin. This metaphor underscores the relentless nature of these conditions and their impact on a person's identity. Hemingway's own struggle with hypertension led to a series of medical complications, including a condition that affected his sexual performance. These personal experiences likely influenced his character development, allowing him to craft a nuanced and empathetic portrayal of Jake Barnes.

The Impact of Wounds and Medication on Sexual Performance

The problem that Hemingway faced was not just a matter of physical impotence but also of the side effects of the medications used to manage his hypertension. The diuretic pills, known as "water pills" or Hydropress, were effective in lowering blood pressure and reducing headaches but often caused an inability to maintain an erection, a condition known as impotence. This physical condition, known as "Causes of sexual dysfunction," significantly impacted his personal life and his understanding of these issues in his characters.

Hemingway's struggle with these conditions led him to write about them in his works, including 'After the Storm' and 'To Have and Have Not,' where he explores the themes of loss and the complexities of human relationships. The character of Jake Barnes serves as a powerful symbol of this struggle, and his incapacity to perform sexually is a direct reflection of the physical and emotional wounds he carries.

Contemporary Perspectives on Human Sexuality

It is interesting to note that contemporary societies have embraced a broader spectrum of human sexuality, ranging from asexuality to pansexuality. While Hemingway's exploration of these themes was groundbreaking for his time, it may be argued that he foresaw the evolving nature of human sexuality. The character of Jake and Brett, with their understanding and acceptance of limited sexual activity, may be seen as a precursor to today's more inclusive and liberated views on sexuality.

In 'The Big Chill,' the characters Nick and Chloe, who are a couple by the end of the film, also navigate their relationship with a sense of freedom and acceptance. This parallels Hemingway's portrayal of Jake and Brett, as they too navigate their limitations with understanding and grace. The metaphor of 'wounds' in both works extends beyond physical injuries to encompass emotional and psychological traumas, making their sexual dynamics a rich area of exploration.

Further Reading: 'The Garden of Eden'

To gain a deeper understanding of Hemingway's representations and the man behind the words, readers should consider exploring 'The Garden of Eden,' a novel that Hemingway withheld from publication until his death and is now available in part. This work provides valuable insights into the author's representations of gender, sexuality, and the complexities of human relationships. It offers a clearer picture of the man behind the literary persona, a man who was deeply introspective and often struggled with the same issues that his characters grappled with.

'The Garden of Eden' is a fascinating and often controversial work, but it is essential reading for anyone interested in Hemingway's literary oeuvre. It offers a nuanced and complex portrayal of human sexuality and relationships, themes that continue to resonate in contemporary discussions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, E. E. Hemingway's exploration of sexual dynamics in 'The Sun Also Rises' not only reflects the literary and societal norms of his time but also resonates with contemporary understandings of human sexuality. The parallels between his narrative choices and those found in modern films like 'The Big Chill' highlight the enduring relevance of his themes. By delving into the physical and psychological wounds of his characters, Hemingway not only created compelling characters but also provided a prophetic lens through which to view today's more inclusive and nuanced perspectives on human sexuality.

As we continue to explore and understand the complexities of human relationships, the works of Hemingway serve as powerful reminders of the enduring nature of these issues and the importance of empathy and understanding in our interactions with one another.